AP US Government Study Guide: Key Concepts for the 2026 Exam
AP US Government and Politics covers the foundations of American democracy, political institutions, civil liberties, and political participation. Here’s your guide for the 2026 exam.
Foundations of Democracy
Know the key founding documents: the Constitution, Federalist Papers (especially #10, #51, #70, #78), and landmark Supreme Court cases. Understand federalism, separation of powers, and checks and balances.
Political Institutions
Study Congress, the Presidency, the federal judiciary, and the bureaucracy in depth. Know how laws are made, how presidential power has expanded, and the role of judicial review established in Marbury v. Madison.
Civil Liberties and Rights
Master the required Supreme Court cases — there are 15 you must know. Understand the Bill of Rights, selective incorporation through the 14th Amendment, and the ongoing tension between individual rights and public safety.
Political Participation
Study voting behavior, political parties, interest groups, media influence, and campaign finance. Understand how demographics, ideology, and partisanship shape political outcomes in the United States.
